Soil Moisture Sensors and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Soil Moisture Sensors Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales: 2018-2030
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Soil Moisture Sensors Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Soil Moisture Sensors Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Soil Moisture Sensors Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Soil Moisture Sensors Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Moisture Sensors Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Soil Moisture Sensors Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Moisture Sensors Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor
4.1.3 Resistive Potential Soil Moisture Sensor
4.1.4 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2024-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
4.3 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2024-2030
4.3.3 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
4.4 By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Agriculture
5.1.3 Landscaping
5.1.4 Sports Turf
5.1.5 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2024-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5.3 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2024-2030
5.3.3 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
5.4 By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2024-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2024-2030
6.3.3 By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2030
6.4.3 US Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 Canada Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Mexico Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Germany Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 France Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 U.K. Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 Italy Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.7 Russia Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.9 Benelux Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2030
6.6.3 China Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.4 Japan Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.5 South Korea Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.7 India Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Brazil Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Argentina Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, 2018-2030
6.8.3 Turkey Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.4 Israel Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.6 UAE Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Husqvarna
7.1.1 Husqvarna Company Summary
7.1.2 Husqvarna Business Overview
7.1.3 Husqvarna Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Husqvarna Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Husqvarna Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Parrot
7.2.1 Parrot Company Summary
7.2.2 Parrot Business Overview
7.2.3 Parrot Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Parrot Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Parrot Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 The Toro Company
7.3.1 The Toro Company Company Summary
7.3.2 The Toro Company Business Overview
7.3.3 The Toro Company Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 The Toro Company Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 The Toro Company Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Davis Instruments
7.4.1 Davis Instruments Company Summary
7.4.2 Davis Instruments Business Overview
7.4.3 Davis Instruments Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Davis Instruments Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Davis Instruments Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Acclima
7.5.1 Acclima Company Summary
7.5.2 Acclima Business Overview
7.5.3 Acclima Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Acclima Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Acclima Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Decagon Devices
7.6.1 Decagon Devices Company Summary
7.6.2 Decagon Devices Business Overview
7.6.3 Decagon Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Decagon Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Decagon Devices Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Delta-T Devices
7.7.1 Delta-T Devices Company Summary
7.7.2 Delta-T Devices Business Overview
7.7.3 Delta-T Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Delta-T Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Delta-T Devices Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Irrometer
7.8.1 Irrometer Company Summary
7.8.2 Irrometer Business Overview
7.8.3 Irrometer Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Irrometer Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Irrometer Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems
7.9.1 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Company Summary
7.9.2 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Business Overview
7.9.3 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Soil Moisture Sensors Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Soil Moisture Sensors Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production Capacity, 2018-2030
8.2 Soil Moisture Sensors Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Soil Moisture Sensors Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Soil Moisture Sensors Industry Value Chain
10.2 Soil Moisture Sensors Upstream Market
10.3 Soil Moisture Sensors Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Soil Moisture Sensors Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Soil Moisture Sensors in Global Market
Table 2. Top Soil Moisture Sensors Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Soil Moisture Sensors Price (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Soil Moisture Sensors Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Soil Moisture Sensors Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Moisture Sensors Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 14. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 16. By Application ? Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 17. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 19. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 21. By Region ? Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2030
Table 22. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 24. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 26. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 28. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 30. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 32. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 34. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 36. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 38. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 40. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Sales, (K Units), 2024-2030
Table 46. Husqvarna Company Summary
Table 47. Husqvarna Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 48. Husqvarna Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 49. Husqvarna Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Parrot Company Summary
Table 51. Parrot Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 52. Parrot Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 53. Parrot Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. The Toro Company Company Summary
Table 55. The Toro Company Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 56. The Toro Company Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 57. The Toro Company Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Davis Instruments Company Summary
Table 59. Davis Instruments Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 60. Davis Instruments Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Davis Instruments Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Acclima Company Summary
Table 63. Acclima Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 64. Acclima Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 65. Acclima Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Decagon Devices Company Summary
Table 67. Decagon Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 68. Decagon Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 69. Decagon Devices Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Delta-T Devices Company Summary
Table 71. Delta-T Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 72. Delta-T Devices Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 73. Delta-T Devices Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Irrometer Company Summary
Table 75. Irrometer Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 76. Irrometer Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 77. Irrometer Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Company Summary
Table 79. Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Soil Moisture Sensors Product Offerings
Table 80. Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Soil Moisture Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 81. Stevens Water Monitoring Systems Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. Soil Moisture Sensors Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (K Units)
Table 83. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 84. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production by Region, 2018-2023 (K Units)
Table 85. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production by Region, 2024-2030 (K Units)
Table 86. Soil Moisture Sensors Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 87. Soil Moisture Sensors Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 88. Soil Moisture Sensors Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 89. Soil Moisture Sensors Raw Materials
Table 90. Soil Moisture Sensors Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 91. Typical Soil Moisture Sensors Downstream
Table 92. Soil Moisture Sensors Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 93. Soil Moisture Sensors Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Soil Moisture Sensors Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Soil Moisture Sensors Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Soil Moisture Sensors Sales in Global Market: 2018-2030 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Type - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Price (USD/Unit), 2018-2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 14. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. By Application - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Price (USD/Unit), 2018-2030
Figure 17. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 18. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2030
Figure 19. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 20. By Region - Global Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 21. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 22. By Country - North America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 23. US Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 24. Canada Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Mexico Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 28. Germany Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. France Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. U.K. Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Italy Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. Russia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 33. Nordic Countries Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 34. Benelux Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 37. China Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. Japan Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 39. South Korea Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 40. Southeast Asia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. India Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 42. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 43. By Country - South America Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 44. Brazil Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 45. Argentina Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 46. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Moisture Sensors Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 48. Turkey Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 49. Israel Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 50. Saudi Arabia Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 51. UAE Soil Moisture Sensors Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 52. Global Soil Moisture Sensors Production Capacity (K Units), 2018-2030
Figure 53. The Percentage of Production Soil Moisture Sensors by Region, 2022 VS 2030
Figure 54. Soil Moisture Sensors Industry Value Chain
Figure 55. Marketing Channels