MEMS Microdisplay Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 MEMS Microdisplay Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global MEMS Microdisplay Overall Market Size
2.1 Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top MEMS Microdisplay Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global MEMS Microdisplay Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales by Companies
3.5 Global MEMS Microdisplay Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 MEMS Microdisplay Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers MEMS Microdisplay Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 MEMS Microdisplay Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 MEMS Microdisplay Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 MEMS Microdisplay Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Chemicals & Gases
4.1.3 Photomasks
4.1.4 Glass Wafers
4.1.5 SOI Wafers
4.1.6 Si Wafers
4.1.7 Others
4.2 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Military and Defense
5.1.3 Aerospace
5.1.4 Medical Treatment
5.1.5 Industry
5.1.6 Automobile
5.1.7 Biomedical Science
5.1.8 Environmental Monitoring
5.1.9 Others
5.2 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE MEMS Microdisplay Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Texas Instruments
7.1.1 Texas Instruments Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Texas Instruments Business Overview
7.1.3 Texas Instruments MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Texas Instruments MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Texas Instruments Key News
7.2 Iron City Micro Display
7.2.1 Iron City Micro Display Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Iron City Micro Display Business Overview
7.2.3 Iron City Micro Display MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Iron City Micro Display MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Iron City Micro Display Key News
7.3 MicroVision Inc
7.3.1 MicroVision Inc Corporate Summary
7.3.2 MicroVision Inc Business Overview
7.3.3 MicroVision Inc MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 MicroVision Inc MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 MicroVision Inc Key News
7.4 Qualcomm
7.4.1 Qualcomm Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Qualcomm Business Overview
7.4.3 Qualcomm MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Qualcomm MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Qualcomm Key News
7.5 Cardiocomm Solutions
7.5.1 Cardiocomm Solutions Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Cardiocomm Solutions Business Overview
7.5.3 Cardiocomm Solutions MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Cardiocomm Solutions MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Cardiocomm Solutions Key News
7.6 Casio America
7.6.1 Casio America Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Casio America Business Overview
7.6.3 Casio America MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Casio America MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Casio America Key News
7.7 Cellnovo
7.7.1 Cellnovo Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Cellnovo Business Overview
7.7.3 Cellnovo MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Cellnovo MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Cellnovo Key News
7.8 Covidien
7.8.1 Covidien Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Covidien Business Overview
7.8.3 Covidien MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Covidien MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Covidien Key News
7.9 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA
7.9.1 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Corporate Summary
7.9.2 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Business Overview
7.9.3 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Key News
7.10 Jawbone
7.10.1 Jawbone Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Jawbone Business Overview
7.10.3 Jawbone MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Jawbone MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Jawbone Key News
7.11 STMicroelectronics
7.11.1 STMicroelectronics Corporate Summary
7.11.2 STMicroelectronics MEMS Microdisplay Business Overview
7.11.3 STMicroelectronics MEMS Microdisplay Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 STMicroelectronics MEMS Microdisplay Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.11.5 STMicroelectronics Key News
8 Global MEMS Microdisplay Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global MEMS Microdisplay Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 MEMS Microdisplay Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global MEMS Microdisplay Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 MEMS Microdisplay Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 MEMS Microdisplay Industry Value Chain
10.2 MEMS Microdisplay Upstream Market
10.3 MEMS Microdisplay Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 MEMS Microdisplay Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of MEMS Microdisplay in Global Market
Table 2. Top MEMS Microdisplay Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers MEMS Microdisplay Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers MEMS Microdisplay Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 MEMS Microdisplay Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 MEMS Microdisplay Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Texas Instruments Corporate Summary
Table 47. Texas Instruments MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 48. Texas Instruments MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Iron City Micro Display Corporate Summary
Table 50. Iron City Micro Display MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 51. Iron City Micro Display MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. MicroVision Inc Corporate Summary
Table 53. MicroVision Inc MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 54. MicroVision Inc MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Qualcomm Corporate Summary
Table 56. Qualcomm MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 57. Qualcomm MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Cardiocomm Solutions Corporate Summary
Table 59. Cardiocomm Solutions MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 60. Cardiocomm Solutions MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Casio America Corporate Summary
Table 62. Casio America MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 63. Casio America MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Cellnovo Corporate Summary
Table 65. Cellnovo MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 66. Cellnovo MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Covidien Corporate Summary
Table 68. Covidien MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 69. Covidien MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Corporate Summary
Table 71. EM Microelectronic-Marin SA MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 72. EM Microelectronic-Marin SA MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Jawbone Corporate Summary
Table 74. Jawbone MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 75. Jawbone MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. STMicroelectronics Corporate Summary
Table 77. STMicroelectronics MEMS Microdisplay Product Offerings
Table 78. STMicroelectronics MEMS Microdisplay Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 79. MEMS Microdisplay Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 80. Global MEMS Microdisplay Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 81. Global MEMS Microdisplay Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 82. Global MEMS Microdisplay Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 83. MEMS Microdisplay Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 84. MEMS Microdisplay Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 85. MEMS Microdisplay Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 86. MEMS Microdisplay Raw Materials
Table 87. MEMS Microdisplay Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 88. Typical MEMS Microdisplay Downstream
Table 89. MEMS Microdisplay Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 90. MEMS Microdisplay Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. MEMS Microdisplay Segment by Type
Figure 2. MEMS Microdisplay Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global MEMS Microdisplay Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. MEMS Microdisplay Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by MEMS Microdisplay Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global MEMS Microdisplay Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global MEMS Microdisplay Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa MEMS Microdisplay Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE MEMS Microdisplay Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global MEMS Microdisplay Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production MEMS Microdisplay by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. MEMS Microdisplay Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels