Urine Test Strips and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Urine Test Strips Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Urine Test Strips Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Urine Test Strips Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Urine Test Strips Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Global Urine Test Strips Sales: 2018-2029
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Urine Test Strips Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Urine Test Strips Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Urine Test Strips Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Urine Test Strips Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Urine Test Strips Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Urine Test Strips Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Urine Test Strips Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urine Test Strips Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Urine Test Strips Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urine Test Strips Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 Protein Testing
4.1.3 Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Testing
4.1.4 Glucose Testing
4.1.5 Nitrites Testing
4.1.6 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
4.3 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2024-2029
4.3.3 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
4.4 By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 Hospitals
5.1.3 Clinics
5.2 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5.3 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2024-2029
5.3.3 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
5.4 By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales, 2024-2029
6.3.3 By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2029
6.4.3 US Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 Canada Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Mexico Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Germany Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 France Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 U.K. Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 Italy Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.7 Russia Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.9 Benelux Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2029
6.6.3 China Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.4 Japan Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.5 South Korea Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.7 India Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Brazil Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Argentina Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Sales, 2018-2029
6.8.3 Turkey Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.4 Israel Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.6 UAE Urine Test Strips Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 ACON Labs
7.1.1 ACON Labs Company Summary
7.1.2 ACON Labs Business Overview
7.1.3 ACON Labs Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 ACON Labs Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 ACON Labs Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Bio-Rad
7.2.1 Bio-Rad Company Summary
7.2.2 Bio-Rad Business Overview
7.2.3 Bio-Rad Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Bio-Rad Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Bio-Rad Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Abbott Laboratories
7.3.1 Abbott Laboratories Company Summary
7.3.2 Abbott Laboratories Business Overview
7.3.3 Abbott Laboratories Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Abbott Laboratories Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Abbott Laboratories Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Beckman Coulter
7.4.1 Beckman Coulter Company Summary
7.4.2 Beckman Coulter Business Overview
7.4.3 Beckman Coulter Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Beckman Coulter Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Beckman Coulter Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Sarstedt Inc
7.5.1 Sarstedt Inc Company Summary
7.5.2 Sarstedt Inc Business Overview
7.5.3 Sarstedt Inc Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Sarstedt Inc Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Sarstedt Inc Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Roche Diagnostics
7.6.1 Roche Diagnostics Company Summary
7.6.2 Roche Diagnostics Business Overview
7.6.3 Roche Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Roche Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Roche Diagnostics Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Alere Toxicology
7.7.1 Alere Toxicology Company Summary
7.7.2 Alere Toxicology Business Overview
7.7.3 Alere Toxicology Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Alere Toxicology Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Alere Toxicology Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Bayer Healthcare
7.8.1 Bayer Healthcare Company Summary
7.8.2 Bayer Healthcare Business Overview
7.8.3 Bayer Healthcare Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Bayer Healthcare Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Bayer Healthcare Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Cardinal Health
7.9.1 Cardinal Health Company Summary
7.9.2 Cardinal Health Business Overview
7.9.3 Cardinal Health Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Cardinal Health Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Cardinal Health Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Clarity Diagnostics
7.10.1 Clarity Diagnostics Company Summary
7.10.2 Clarity Diagnostics Business Overview
7.10.3 Clarity Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Clarity Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Clarity Diagnostics Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Fisher Scientific
7.11.1 Fisher Scientific Company Summary
7.11.2 Fisher Scientific Urine Test Strips Business Overview
7.11.3 Fisher Scientific Urine Test Strips Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Fisher Scientific Urine Test Strips Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Fisher Scientific Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Urine Test Strips Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Urine Test Strips Production Capacity, 2018-2029
8.2 Urine Test Strips Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Urine Test Strips Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Urine Test Strips Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Urine Test Strips Industry Value Chain
10.2 Urine Test Strips Upstream Market
10.3 Urine Test Strips Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Urine Test Strips Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Urine Test Strips in Global Market
Table 2. Top Urine Test Strips Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Urine Test Strips Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Urine Test Strips Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Urine Test Strips Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Urine Test Strips Price (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Urine Test Strips Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Urine Test Strips Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urine Test Strips Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 16. By Application ? Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 17. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 19. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 21. By Region ? Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2029
Table 22. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 30. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 32. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 34. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 36. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 38. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 40. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 46. ACON Labs Company Summary
Table 47. ACON Labs Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 48. ACON Labs Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 49. ACON Labs Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Bio-Rad Company Summary
Table 51. Bio-Rad Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 52. Bio-Rad Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 53. Bio-Rad Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Abbott Laboratories Company Summary
Table 55. Abbott Laboratories Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 56. Abbott Laboratories Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 57. Abbott Laboratories Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Beckman Coulter Company Summary
Table 59. Beckman Coulter Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 60. Beckman Coulter Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Beckman Coulter Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Sarstedt Inc Company Summary
Table 63. Sarstedt Inc Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 64. Sarstedt Inc Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 65. Sarstedt Inc Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Roche Diagnostics Company Summary
Table 67. Roche Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 68. Roche Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 69. Roche Diagnostics Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Alere Toxicology Company Summary
Table 71. Alere Toxicology Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 72. Alere Toxicology Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 73. Alere Toxicology Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Bayer Healthcare Company Summary
Table 75. Bayer Healthcare Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 76. Bayer Healthcare Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 77. Bayer Healthcare Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Cardinal Health Company Summary
Table 79. Cardinal Health Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 80. Cardinal Health Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 81. Cardinal Health Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. Clarity Diagnostics Company Summary
Table 83. Clarity Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 84. Clarity Diagnostics Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 85. Clarity Diagnostics Key News & Latest Developments
Table 86. Fisher Scientific Company Summary
Table 87. Fisher Scientific Urine Test Strips Product Offerings
Table 88. Fisher Scientific Urine Test Strips Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 89. Fisher Scientific Key News & Latest Developments
Table 90. Urine Test Strips Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (K Units)
Table 91. Global Urine Test Strips Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 92. Global Urine Test Strips Production by Region, 2018-2023 (K Units)
Table 93. Global Urine Test Strips Production by Region, 2024-2029 (K Units)
Table 94. Urine Test Strips Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 95. Urine Test Strips Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 96. Urine Test Strips Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 97. Urine Test Strips Raw Materials
Table 98. Urine Test Strips Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 99. Typical Urine Test Strips Downstream
Table 100. Urine Test Strips Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 101. Urine Test Strips Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Urine Test Strips Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Urine Test Strips Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Urine Test Strips Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Urine Test Strips Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Urine Test Strips Sales in Global Market: 2018-2029 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Urine Test Strips Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Type - Global Urine Test Strips Price (USD/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 14. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. By Application - Global Urine Test Strips Price (USD/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 17. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 18. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
Figure 19. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. By Region - Global Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 21. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 22. By Country - North America Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 23. US Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Canada Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Mexico Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. Germany Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. France Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. U.K. Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Italy Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. Russia Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. Nordic Countries Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 34. Benelux Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. China Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Japan Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. South Korea Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. Southeast Asia Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. India Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 42. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 43. By Country - South America Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 44. Brazil Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 45. Argentina Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 46. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urine Test Strips Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 48. Turkey Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 49. Israel Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 50. Saudi Arabia Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 51. UAE Urine Test Strips Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 52. Global Urine Test Strips Production Capacity (K Units), 2018-2029
Figure 53. The Percentage of Production Urine Test Strips by Region, 2022 VS 2029
Figure 54. Urine Test Strips Industry Value Chain
Figure 55. Marketing Channels