Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.5 Global Companies Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 by Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Bionic Implants
4.1.3 Artificial Organs
4.2 By Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Hospitals
5.1.3 Clinics
5.1.4 Research and Academic Institutes
5.1.5 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028
6.3.2 US Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.3.3 Canada Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.3.4 Mexico Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 Germany Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.3 France Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 U.K. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Italy Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.6 Russia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.8 Benelux Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 China Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Japan Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 South Korea Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 India Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 Brazil Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.3 Argentina Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 Turkey Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Israel Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.5 UAE Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Players Profiles
7.1 Medtronic
7.1.1 Medtronic Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Medtronic Business Overview
7.1.3 Medtronic Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Medtronic Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Medtronic Key News
7.2 Boston Scientific
7.2.1 Boston Scientific Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Boston Scientific Business Overview
7.2.3 Boston Scientific Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Boston Scientific Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Boston Scientific Key News
7.3 Abbott
7.3.1 Abbott Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Abbott Business Overview
7.3.3 Abbott Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Abbott Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Abbott Key News
7.4 Zimmer Biomet
7.4.1 Zimmer Biomet Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Zimmer Biomet Business Overview
7.4.3 Zimmer Biomet Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Zimmer Biomet Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Zimmer Biomet Key News
7.5 Ekso Bionics
7.5.1 Ekso Bionics Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Ekso Bionics Business Overview
7.5.3 Ekso Bionics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Ekso Bionics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Ekso Bionics Key News
7.6 Biocontrol Medical
7.6.1 Biocontrol Medical Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Biocontrol Medical Business Overview
7.6.3 Biocontrol Medical Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Biocontrol Medical Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Biocontrol Medical Key News
7.7 Cochlear
7.7.1 Cochlear Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Cochlear Business Overview
7.7.3 Cochlear Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Cochlear Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Cochlear Key News
7.8 Orthofix International
7.8.1 Orthofix International Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Orthofix International Business Overview
7.8.3 Orthofix International Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Orthofix International Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Orthofix International Key News
7.9 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics
7.9.1 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Business Overview
7.9.3 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.9.5 Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Key News
7.10 Cyberonics
7.10.1 Cyberonics Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Cyberonics Business Overview
7.10.3 Cyberonics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Cyberonics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Cyberonics Key News
7.11 LivaNova
7.11.1 LivaNova Corporate Summary
7.11.2 LivaNova Business Overview
7.11.3 LivaNova Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 LivaNova Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.11.5 LivaNova Key News
7.12 NeuroPace
7.12.1 NeuroPace Corporate Summary
7.12.2 NeuroPace Business Overview
7.12.3 NeuroPace Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 NeuroPace Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.12.5 NeuroPace Key News
7.13 Ossur
7.13.1 Ossur Corporate Summary
7.13.2 Ossur Business Overview
7.13.3 Ossur Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Ossur Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.13.5 Ossur Key News
7.14 Second Sight Medical Products
7.14.1 Second Sight Medical Products Corporate Summary
7.14.2 Second Sight Medical Products Business Overview
7.14.3 Second Sight Medical Products Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 Second Sight Medical Products Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
7.14.5 Second Sight Medical Products Key News
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs in Global Market
Table 5. Top Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 6. Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 7. Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 8. Global Companies Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Application ? Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 15. By Application - Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 16. By Application - Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 17. By Region ? Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 18. By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 19. By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 20. By Country - North America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 21. By Country - North America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 22. By Country - Europe Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Country - Europe Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - South America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - South America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 30. Medtronic Corporate Summary
Table 31. Medtronic Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 32. Medtronic Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 33. Boston Scientific Corporate Summary
Table 34. Boston Scientific Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 35. Boston Scientific Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 36. Abbott Corporate Summary
Table 37. Abbott Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 38. Abbott Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 39. Zimmer Biomet Corporate Summary
Table 40. Zimmer Biomet Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 41. Zimmer Biomet Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 42. Ekso Bionics Corporate Summary
Table 43. Ekso Bionics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 44. Ekso Bionics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 45. Biocontrol Medical Corporate Summary
Table 46. Biocontrol Medical Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 47. Biocontrol Medical Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 48. Cochlear Corporate Summary
Table 49. Cochlear Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 50. Cochlear Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 51. Orthofix International Corporate Summary
Table 52. Orthofix International Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 53. Orthofix International Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 54. Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Corporate Summary
Table 55. Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 56. Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 57. Cyberonics Corporate Summary
Table 58. Cyberonics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 59. Cyberonics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 60. LivaNova Corporate Summary
Table 61. LivaNova Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 62. LivaNova Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 63. NeuroPace Corporate Summary
Table 64. NeuroPace Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 65. NeuroPace Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 66. Ossur Corporate Summary
Table 67. Ossur Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 68. Ossur Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 69. Second Sight Medical Products Corporate Summary
Table 70. Second Sight Medical Products Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Product Offerings
Table 71. Second Sight Medical Products Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Segment by Type in 2021
Figure 2. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Segment by Application in 2021
Figure 3. Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue in 2021
Figure 8. By Type - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 9. By Application - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Region - Global Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Country - North America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 12. US Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 13. Canada Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 14. Mexico Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Country - Europe Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. Germany Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 17. France Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 18. U.K. Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 19. Italy Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Russia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Nordic Countries Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. Benelux Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Region - Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. China Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. Japan Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. South Korea Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Southeast Asia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. India Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. By Country - South America Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 30. Brazil Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. Argentina Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Country - Middle East & Africa Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. Turkey Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Israel Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. Saudi Arabia Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. UAE Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. Medtronic Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 38. Boston Scientific Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 39. Abbott Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 40. Zimmer Biomet Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 41. Ekso Bionics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 42. Biocontrol Medical Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 43. Cochlear Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 44. Orthofix International Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 45. Aleva NeurOthersapeutics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 46. Cyberonics Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 47. LivaNova Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 48. NeuroPace Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 49. Ossur Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 50. Second Sight Medical Products Medical Bionic Implant/Artificial Organs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)