N-TOPCon Cells and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 N-TOPCon Cells Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global N-TOPCon Cells Overall Market Size
2.1 Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top N-TOPCon Cells Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global N-TOPCon Cells Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales by Companies
3.5 Global N-TOPCon Cells Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 N-TOPCon Cells Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers N-TOPCon Cells Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 N-TOPCon Cells Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 N-TOPCon Cells Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 N-TOPCon Cells Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Single Crystal Single Side
4.1.3 Single Crystal Double Side
4.2 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Photovoltaic Power Station
5.1.3 New Energy Vehicles
5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE N-TOPCon Cells Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 LG
7.1.1 LG Corporate Summary
7.1.2 LG Business Overview
7.1.3 LG N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 LG N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 LG Key News
7.2 REC
7.2.1 REC Corporate Summary
7.2.2 REC Business Overview
7.2.3 REC N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 REC N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 REC Key News
7.3 CARBON
7.3.1 CARBON Corporate Summary
7.3.2 CARBON Business Overview
7.3.3 CARBON N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 CARBON N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 CARBON Key News
7.4 Jinko Solar
7.4.1 Jinko Solar Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Jinko Solar Business Overview
7.4.3 Jinko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Jinko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Jinko Solar Key News
7.5 Trina Solar
7.5.1 Trina Solar Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Trina Solar Business Overview
7.5.3 Trina Solar N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Trina Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Trina Solar Key News
7.6 Longi Group
7.6.1 Longi Group Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Longi Group Business Overview
7.6.3 Longi Group N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Longi Group N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Longi Group Key News
7.7 Jolywood
7.7.1 Jolywood Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Jolywood Business Overview
7.7.3 Jolywood N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Jolywood N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Jolywood Key News
7.8 S.C New Energy Technology
7.8.1 S.C New Energy Technology Corporate Summary
7.8.2 S.C New Energy Technology Business Overview
7.8.3 S.C New Energy Technology N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 S.C New Energy Technology N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 S.C New Energy Technology Key News
7.9 CECEP Solar Energy
7.9.1 CECEP Solar Energy Corporate Summary
7.9.2 CECEP Solar Energy Business Overview
7.9.3 CECEP Solar Energy N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 CECEP Solar Energy N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 CECEP Solar Energy Key News
7.10 Aiko Solar
7.10.1 Aiko Solar Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Aiko Solar Business Overview
7.10.3 Aiko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Aiko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Aiko Solar Key News
7.11 Risen Energy
7.11.1 Risen Energy Corporate Summary
7.11.2 Risen Energy N-TOPCon Cells Business Overview
7.11.3 Risen Energy N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Risen Energy N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.11.5 Risen Energy Key News
7.12 Tongwei
7.12.1 Tongwei Corporate Summary
7.12.2 Tongwei N-TOPCon Cells Business Overview
7.12.3 Tongwei N-TOPCon Cells Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Tongwei N-TOPCon Cells Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.12.5 Tongwei Key News
8 Global N-TOPCon Cells Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global N-TOPCon Cells Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 N-TOPCon Cells Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global N-TOPCon Cells Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 N-TOPCon Cells Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 N-TOPCon Cells Industry Value Chain
10.2 N-TOPCon Cells Upstream Market
10.3 N-TOPCon Cells Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 N-TOPCon Cells Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of N-TOPCon Cells in Global Market
Table 2. Top N-TOPCon Cells Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers N-TOPCon Cells Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers N-TOPCon Cells Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 N-TOPCon Cells Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 N-TOPCon Cells Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. LG Corporate Summary
Table 47. LG N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 48. LG N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. REC Corporate Summary
Table 50. REC N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 51. REC N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. CARBON Corporate Summary
Table 53. CARBON N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 54. CARBON N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Jinko Solar Corporate Summary
Table 56. Jinko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 57. Jinko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Trina Solar Corporate Summary
Table 59. Trina Solar N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 60. Trina Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Longi Group Corporate Summary
Table 62. Longi Group N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 63. Longi Group N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Jolywood Corporate Summary
Table 65. Jolywood N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 66. Jolywood N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. S.C New Energy Technology Corporate Summary
Table 68. S.C New Energy Technology N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 69. S.C New Energy Technology N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. CECEP Solar Energy Corporate Summary
Table 71. CECEP Solar Energy N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 72. CECEP Solar Energy N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Aiko Solar Corporate Summary
Table 74. Aiko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 75. Aiko Solar N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Risen Energy Corporate Summary
Table 77. Risen Energy N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 78. Risen Energy N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 79. Tongwei Corporate Summary
Table 80. Tongwei N-TOPCon Cells Product Offerings
Table 81. Tongwei N-TOPCon Cells Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 82. N-TOPCon Cells Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 83. Global N-TOPCon Cells Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 84. Global N-TOPCon Cells Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 85. Global N-TOPCon Cells Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 86. N-TOPCon Cells Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 87. N-TOPCon Cells Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 88. N-TOPCon Cells Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 89. N-TOPCon Cells Raw Materials
Table 90. N-TOPCon Cells Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 91. Typical N-TOPCon Cells Downstream
Table 92. N-TOPCon Cells Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 93. N-TOPCon Cells Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. N-TOPCon Cells Segment by Type
Figure 2. N-TOPCon Cells Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global N-TOPCon Cells Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. N-TOPCon Cells Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by N-TOPCon Cells Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global N-TOPCon Cells Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global N-TOPCon Cells Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa N-TOPCon Cells Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE N-TOPCon Cells Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global N-TOPCon Cells Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production N-TOPCon Cells by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. N-TOPCon Cells Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels