IT Asset Disposal Services and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 IT Asset Disposal Services Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global IT Asset Disposal Services Overall Market Size
2.1 Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top IT Asset Disposal Services Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global IT Asset Disposal Services Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies IT Asset Disposal Services Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 IT Asset Disposal Services Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Computers/Laptops
4.1.3 Servers
4.1.4 Mobile Devices
4.1.5 Storage Devices
4.1.6 Others
4.2 By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2024-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Large Enterprises
5.1.3 SMEs
5.2 By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2024-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2024-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.3.2 US IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.3 Canada IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.4 Mexico IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 Germany IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.3 France IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 U.K. IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Italy IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.6 Russia IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.8 Benelux IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 China IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Japan IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 South Korea IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 India IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 Brazil IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.3 Argentina IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 Turkey IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Israel IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.5 UAE IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size, 2018-2030
7 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies Profiles
7.1 IBM
7.1.1 IBM Company Summary
7.1.2 IBM Business Overview
7.1.3 IBM IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 IBM IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 IBM Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Arrow Electronics
7.2.1 Arrow Electronics Company Summary
7.2.2 Arrow Electronics Business Overview
7.2.3 Arrow Electronics IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Arrow Electronics IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Arrow Electronics Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Apto Solutions
7.3.1 Apto Solutions Company Summary
7.3.2 Apto Solutions Business Overview
7.3.3 Apto Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Apto Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Apto Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Insight Enterprises
7.4.1 Insight Enterprises Company Summary
7.4.2 Insight Enterprises Business Overview
7.4.3 Insight Enterprises IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Insight Enterprises IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Insight Enterprises Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Dell
7.5.1 Dell Company Summary
7.5.2 Dell Business Overview
7.5.3 Dell IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Dell IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Dell Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Avnet
7.6.1 Avnet Company Summary
7.6.2 Avnet Business Overview
7.6.3 Avnet IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Avnet IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Avnet Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Sims Recycling Solutions
7.7.1 Sims Recycling Solutions Company Summary
7.7.2 Sims Recycling Solutions Business Overview
7.7.3 Sims Recycling Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Sims Recycling Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Sims Recycling Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 HP
7.8.1 HP Company Summary
7.8.2 HP Business Overview
7.8.3 HP IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 HP IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 HP Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 U.S. Micro
7.9.1 U.S. Micro Company Summary
7.9.2 U.S. Micro Business Overview
7.9.3 U.S. Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 U.S. Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 U.S. Micro Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 PlanITROI
7.10.1 PlanITROI Company Summary
7.10.2 PlanITROI Business Overview
7.10.3 PlanITROI IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 PlanITROI IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 PlanITROI Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Cascade Asset Management
7.11.1 Cascade Asset Management Company Summary
7.11.2 Cascade Asset Management Business Overview
7.11.3 Cascade Asset Management IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Cascade Asset Management IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Cascade Asset Management Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 HOBI International
7.12.1 HOBI International Company Summary
7.12.2 HOBI International Business Overview
7.12.3 HOBI International IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 HOBI International IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 HOBI International Key News & Latest Developments
7.13 Ingram Micro
7.13.1 Ingram Micro Company Summary
7.13.2 Ingram Micro Business Overview
7.13.3 Ingram Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Ingram Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.13.5 Ingram Micro Key News & Latest Developments
7.14 EPC
7.14.1 EPC Company Summary
7.14.2 EPC Business Overview
7.14.3 EPC IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 EPC IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.14.5 EPC Key News & Latest Developments
7.15 Park Place Technologies
7.15.1 Park Place Technologies Company Summary
7.15.2 Park Place Technologies Business Overview
7.15.3 Park Place Technologies IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.15.4 Park Place Technologies IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.15.5 Park Place Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
7.16 Iron Mountain
7.16.1 Iron Mountain Company Summary
7.16.2 Iron Mountain Business Overview
7.16.3 Iron Mountain IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.16.4 Iron Mountain IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.16.5 Iron Mountain Key News & Latest Developments
7.17 Technimove
7.17.1 Technimove Company Summary
7.17.2 Technimove Business Overview
7.17.3 Technimove IT Asset Disposal Services Major Product Offerings
7.17.4 Technimove IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.17.5 Technimove Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. IT Asset Disposal Services Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. IT Asset Disposal Services Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. IT Asset Disposal Services Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of IT Asset Disposal Services in Global Market
Table 5. Top IT Asset Disposal Services Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies IT Asset Disposal Services Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 IT Asset Disposal Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 30. IBM Company Summary
Table 31. IBM IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 32. IBM IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. IBM Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Arrow Electronics Company Summary
Table 35. Arrow Electronics IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 36. Arrow Electronics IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. Arrow Electronics Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Apto Solutions Company Summary
Table 39. Apto Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 40. Apto Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. Apto Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Insight Enterprises Company Summary
Table 43. Insight Enterprises IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 44. Insight Enterprises IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. Insight Enterprises Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Dell Company Summary
Table 47. Dell IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 48. Dell IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Dell Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Avnet Company Summary
Table 51. Avnet IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 52. Avnet IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. Avnet Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Sims Recycling Solutions Company Summary
Table 55. Sims Recycling Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 56. Sims Recycling Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. Sims Recycling Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. HP Company Summary
Table 59. HP IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 60. HP IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. HP Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. U.S. Micro Company Summary
Table 63. U.S. Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 64. U.S. Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 65. U.S. Micro Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. PlanITROI Company Summary
Table 67. PlanITROI IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 68. PlanITROI IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 69. PlanITROI Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Cascade Asset Management Company Summary
Table 71. Cascade Asset Management IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 72. Cascade Asset Management IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 73. Cascade Asset Management Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. HOBI International Company Summary
Table 75. HOBI International IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 76. HOBI International IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 77. HOBI International Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Ingram Micro Company Summary
Table 79. Ingram Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 80. Ingram Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 81. Ingram Micro Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. EPC Company Summary
Table 83. EPC IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 84. EPC IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 85. EPC Key News & Latest Developments
Table 86. Park Place Technologies Company Summary
Table 87. Park Place Technologies IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 88. Park Place Technologies IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 89. Park Place Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
Table 90. Iron Mountain Company Summary
Table 91. Iron Mountain IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 92. Iron Mountain IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 93. Iron Mountain Key News & Latest Developments
Table 94. Technimove Company Summary
Table 95. Technimove IT Asset Disposal Services Product Offerings
Table 96. Technimove IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 97. Technimove Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. IT Asset Disposal Services Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. IT Asset Disposal Services Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global IT Asset Disposal Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. US IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 17. Canada IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 18. Mexico IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 20. Germany IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. France IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. U.K. IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 23. Italy IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 24. Russia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. Benelux IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 28. China IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. Japan IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. South Korea IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. India IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 34. Brazil IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. Argentina IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 37. Turkey IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. Israel IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 40. UAE IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. IBM IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Arrow Electronics IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Apto Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Insight Enterprises IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Dell IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Avnet IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. Sims Recycling Solutions IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. HP IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. U.S. Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. PlanITROI IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. Cascade Asset Management IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 52. HOBI International IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 53. Ingram Micro IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 54. EPC IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 55. Park Place Technologies IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 56. Iron Mountain IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 57. Technimove IT Asset Disposal Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)