Human Resource Apps and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Human Resource Apps Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Human Resource Apps Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Human Resource Apps Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Human Resource Apps Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global Human Resource Apps Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Human Resource Apps Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Human Resource Apps Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Human Resource Apps Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Human Resource Apps Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Human Resource Apps Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Human Resource Apps Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Human Resource Apps Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Human Resource Apps Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Cloud-based
4.1.3 On-premises
4.2 By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2024-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Perpetual license
5.1.3 Subscription license
5.2 By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2024-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2024-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030
6.3.2 US Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.3 Canada Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.4 Mexico Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 Germany Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.3 France Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 U.K. Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Italy Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.6 Russia Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.8 Benelux Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 China Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Japan Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 South Korea Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 India Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 Brazil Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.3 Argentina Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 Turkey Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Israel Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.5 UAE Human Resource Apps Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Human Resource Apps Companies Profiles
7.1 Manatal
7.1.1 Manatal Company Summary
7.1.2 Manatal Business Overview
7.1.3 Manatal Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Manatal Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Manatal Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Roubler
7.2.1 Roubler Company Summary
7.2.2 Roubler Business Overview
7.2.3 Roubler Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Roubler Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Roubler Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Ascender
7.3.1 Ascender Company Summary
7.3.2 Ascender Business Overview
7.3.3 Ascender Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Ascender Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Ascender Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Teamtailor
7.4.1 Teamtailor Company Summary
7.4.2 Teamtailor Business Overview
7.4.3 Teamtailor Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Teamtailor Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Teamtailor Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Darwinbox
7.5.1 Darwinbox Company Summary
7.5.2 Darwinbox Business Overview
7.5.3 Darwinbox Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Darwinbox Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Darwinbox Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Freshteam
7.6.1 Freshteam Company Summary
7.6.2 Freshteam Business Overview
7.6.3 Freshteam Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Freshteam Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Freshteam Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 PCRecruiter
7.7.1 PCRecruiter Company Summary
7.7.2 PCRecruiter Business Overview
7.7.3 PCRecruiter Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 PCRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 PCRecruiter Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Ramco
7.8.1 Ramco Company Summary
7.8.2 Ramco Business Overview
7.8.3 Ramco Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Ramco Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Ramco Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 skeeled
7.9.1 skeeled Company Summary
7.9.2 skeeled Business Overview
7.9.3 skeeled Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 skeeled Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 skeeled Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Profit
7.10.1 Profit Company Summary
7.10.2 Profit Business Overview
7.10.3 Profit Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Profit Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Profit Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Conrep
7.11.1 Conrep Company Summary
7.11.2 Conrep Business Overview
7.11.3 Conrep Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Conrep Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Conrep Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 AssessTEAM
7.12.1 AssessTEAM Company Summary
7.12.2 AssessTEAM Business Overview
7.12.3 AssessTEAM Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 AssessTEAM Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 AssessTEAM Key News & Latest Developments
7.13 Jobsoid
7.13.1 Jobsoid Company Summary
7.13.2 Jobsoid Business Overview
7.13.3 Jobsoid Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Jobsoid Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.13.5 Jobsoid Key News & Latest Developments
7.14 Recooty
7.14.1 Recooty Company Summary
7.14.2 Recooty Business Overview
7.14.3 Recooty Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 Recooty Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.14.5 Recooty Key News & Latest Developments
7.15 Culture Amp
7.15.1 Culture Amp Company Summary
7.15.2 Culture Amp Business Overview
7.15.3 Culture Amp Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.15.4 Culture Amp Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.15.5 Culture Amp Key News & Latest Developments
7.16 PerformYard Talent
7.16.1 PerformYard Talent Company Summary
7.16.2 PerformYard Talent Business Overview
7.16.3 PerformYard Talent Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.16.4 PerformYard Talent Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.16.5 PerformYard Talent Key News & Latest Developments
7.17 Appreiz
7.17.1 Appreiz Company Summary
7.17.2 Appreiz Business Overview
7.17.3 Appreiz Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.17.4 Appreiz Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.17.5 Appreiz Key News & Latest Developments
7.18 Trello
7.18.1 Trello Company Summary
7.18.2 Trello Business Overview
7.18.3 Trello Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.18.4 Trello Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.18.5 Trello Key News & Latest Developments
7.19 Jira
7.19.1 Jira Company Summary
7.19.2 Jira Business Overview
7.19.3 Jira Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.19.4 Jira Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.19.5 Jira Key News & Latest Developments
7.20 ZipRecruiter
7.20.1 ZipRecruiter Company Summary
7.20.2 ZipRecruiter Business Overview
7.20.3 ZipRecruiter Human Resource Apps Major Product Offerings
7.20.4 ZipRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.20.5 ZipRecruiter Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Human Resource Apps Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Human Resource Apps Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Human Resource Apps Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Human Resource Apps in Global Market
Table 5. Top Human Resource Apps Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Human Resource Apps Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies Human Resource Apps Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Human Resource Apps Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Human Resource Apps Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - Human Resource Apps Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 30. Manatal Company Summary
Table 31. Manatal Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 32. Manatal Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. Manatal Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Roubler Company Summary
Table 35. Roubler Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 36. Roubler Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. Roubler Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Ascender Company Summary
Table 39. Ascender Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 40. Ascender Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. Ascender Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Teamtailor Company Summary
Table 43. Teamtailor Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 44. Teamtailor Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. Teamtailor Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Darwinbox Company Summary
Table 47. Darwinbox Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 48. Darwinbox Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Darwinbox Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Freshteam Company Summary
Table 51. Freshteam Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 52. Freshteam Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. Freshteam Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. PCRecruiter Company Summary
Table 55. PCRecruiter Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 56. PCRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. PCRecruiter Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Ramco Company Summary
Table 59. Ramco Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 60. Ramco Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. Ramco Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. skeeled Company Summary
Table 63. skeeled Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 64. skeeled Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 65. skeeled Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Profit Company Summary
Table 67. Profit Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 68. Profit Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 69. Profit Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Conrep Company Summary
Table 71. Conrep Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 72. Conrep Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 73. Conrep Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. AssessTEAM Company Summary
Table 75. AssessTEAM Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 76. AssessTEAM Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 77. AssessTEAM Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Jobsoid Company Summary
Table 79. Jobsoid Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 80. Jobsoid Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 81. Jobsoid Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. Recooty Company Summary
Table 83. Recooty Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 84. Recooty Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 85. Recooty Key News & Latest Developments
Table 86. Culture Amp Company Summary
Table 87. Culture Amp Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 88. Culture Amp Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 89. Culture Amp Key News & Latest Developments
Table 90. PerformYard Talent Company Summary
Table 91. PerformYard Talent Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 92. PerformYard Talent Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 93. PerformYard Talent Key News & Latest Developments
Table 94. Appreiz Company Summary
Table 95. Appreiz Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 96. Appreiz Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 97. Appreiz Key News & Latest Developments
Table 98. Trello Company Summary
Table 99. Trello Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 100. Trello Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 101. Trello Key News & Latest Developments
Table 102. Jira Company Summary
Table 103. Jira Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 104. Jira Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 105. Jira Key News & Latest Developments
Table 106. ZipRecruiter Company Summary
Table 107. ZipRecruiter Human Resource Apps Product Offerings
Table 108. ZipRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 109. ZipRecruiter Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Human Resource Apps Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Human Resource Apps Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Human Resource Apps Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Human Resource Apps Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Human Resource Apps Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. US Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 17. Canada Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 18. Mexico Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 20. Germany Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. France Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. U.K. Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 23. Italy Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 24. Russia Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. Benelux Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 28. China Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. Japan Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. South Korea Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. India Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 34. Brazil Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. Argentina Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Human Resource Apps Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 37. Turkey Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. Israel Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 40. UAE Human Resource Apps Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. Manatal Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Roubler Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Ascender Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Teamtailor Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Darwinbox Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Freshteam Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. PCRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. Ramco Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. skeeled Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Profit Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. Conrep Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 52. AssessTEAM Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 53. Jobsoid Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 54. Recooty Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 55. Culture Amp Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 56. PerformYard Talent Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 57. Appreiz Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 58. Trello Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 59. Jira Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 60. ZipRecruiter Human Resource Apps Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)