3D Print Fake Meat and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 3D Print Fake Meat Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Segment by Type
1.2.2 Segment by Application
1.3 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Overall Market Size
2.1 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size: 2024 VS 2032
2.2 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2020-2032
2.3 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales: 2020-2032
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top 3D Print Fake Meat Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global 3D Print Fake Meat Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales by Companies
3.5 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Price by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 3D Print Fake Meat Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2024
3.7 Global Manufacturers 3D Print Fake Meat Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 3D Print Fake Meat Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 3D Print Fake Meat Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 3D Print Fake Meat Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size Markets, 2024 & 2032
4.1.2 Vegetable Meat
4.1.3 Animal Meat
4.2 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2025
4.2.2 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2026-2032
4.2.3 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
4.3 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2025
4.3.2 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2026-2032
4.3.3 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
4.4 Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2020-2032
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2024 & 2032
5.1.2 Restaurants and Hotels
5.1.3 Dessert Shop
5.1.4 Others
5.2 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2025
5.2.2 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2026-2032
5.2.3 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
5.3 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2025
5.3.2 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2026-2032
5.3.3 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
5.4 Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2020-2032
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2024 & 2032
6.2 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2025
6.2.2 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2026-2032
6.2.3 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
6.3 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2025
6.3.2 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2026-2032
6.3.3 By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2032
6.4.2 By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2032
6.4.3 United States 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.4.4 Canada 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.4.5 Mexico 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2032
6.5.2 By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2032
6.5.3 Germany 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.4 France 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.5 U.K. 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.6 Italy 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.7 Russia 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.8 Nordic Countries 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.9 Benelux 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2032
6.6.2 By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2032
6.6.3 China 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.4 Japan 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.5 South Korea 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.6 Southeast Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.7 India 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2032
6.7.2 By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2032
6.7.3 Brazil 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.7.4 Argentina 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, 2020-2032
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, 2020-2032
6.8.3 Turkey 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.4 Israel 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.6 UAE 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size, 2020-2032
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Novameat
7.1.1 Novameat Company Summary
7.1.2 Novameat Business Overview
7.1.3 Novameat 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Novameat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.1.5 Novameat Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Revo Foods
7.2.1 Revo Foods Company Summary
7.2.2 Revo Foods Business Overview
7.2.3 Revo Foods 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Revo Foods 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.2.5 Revo Foods Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Upprinting Food
7.3.1 Upprinting Food Company Summary
7.3.2 Upprinting Food Business Overview
7.3.3 Upprinting Food 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Upprinting Food 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.3.5 Upprinting Food Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Redefine Meat
7.4.1 Redefine Meat Company Summary
7.4.2 Redefine Meat Business Overview
7.4.3 Redefine Meat 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Redefine Meat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.4.5 Redefine Meat Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 MeaTech
7.5.1 MeaTech Company Summary
7.5.2 MeaTech Business Overview
7.5.3 MeaTech 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 MeaTech 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.5.5 MeaTech Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Aleph Farms
7.6.1 Aleph Farms Company Summary
7.6.2 Aleph Farms Business Overview
7.6.3 Aleph Farms 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Aleph Farms 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.6.5 Aleph Farms Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 SavorEat
7.7.1 SavorEat Company Summary
7.7.2 SavorEat Business Overview
7.7.3 SavorEat 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 SavorEat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.7.5 SavorEat Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 byFlow
7.8.1 byFlow Company Summary
7.8.2 byFlow Business Overview
7.8.3 byFlow 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 byFlow 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.8.5 byFlow Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Natural Machines
7.9.1 Natural Machines Company Summary
7.9.2 Natural Machines Business Overview
7.9.3 Natural Machines 3D Print Fake Meat Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Natural Machines 3D Print Fake Meat Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.9.5 Natural Machines Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production Capacity, 2020-2032
8.2 3D Print Fake Meat Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 3D Print Fake Meat Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 3D Print Fake Meat Industry Value Chain
10.2 3D Print Fake Meat Upstream Market
10.3 3D Print Fake Meat Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 3D Print Fake Meat Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of 3D Print Fake Meat in Global Market
Table 2. Top 3D Print Fake Meat Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2024)
Table 3. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 4. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Share by Companies, 2020-2025
Table 5. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales by Companies, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 6. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Share by Companies, 2020-2025
Table 7. Key Manufacturers 3D Print Fake Meat Price (2020-2025) & (US$/Ton)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers 3D Print Fake Meat Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 3D Print Fake Meat Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2024 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 3D Print Fake Meat Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2024 and Market Share
Table 11. Segment by Type � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Table 12. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 13. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 14. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 15. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 16. Segment by Application � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Table 17. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 18. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 19. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 20. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 21. By Region � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2032
Table 22. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 23. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 24. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 25. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 26. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 27. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 28. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 29. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 30. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 31. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 32. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 33. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 34. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 35. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 36. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 37. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 38. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 39. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 40. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 41. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2020-2025
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, (Tons), 2026-2032
Table 46. Novameat Company Summary
Table 47. Novameat 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 48. Novameat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 49. Novameat Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Revo Foods Company Summary
Table 51. Revo Foods 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 52. Revo Foods 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 53. Revo Foods Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Upprinting Food Company Summary
Table 55. Upprinting Food 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 56. Upprinting Food 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 57. Upprinting Food Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Redefine Meat Company Summary
Table 59. Redefine Meat 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 60. Redefine Meat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 61. Redefine Meat Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. MeaTech Company Summary
Table 63. MeaTech 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 64. MeaTech 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 65. MeaTech Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Aleph Farms Company Summary
Table 67. Aleph Farms 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 68. Aleph Farms 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 69. Aleph Farms Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. SavorEat Company Summary
Table 71. SavorEat 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 72. SavorEat 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 73. SavorEat Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. byFlow Company Summary
Table 75. byFlow 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 76. byFlow 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 77. byFlow Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Natural Machines Company Summary
Table 79. Natural Machines 3D Print Fake Meat Product Offerings
Table 80. Natural Machines 3D Print Fake Meat Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) & (2020-2025)
Table 81. Natural Machines Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. 3D Print Fake Meat Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2023-2025 (Tons)
Table 83. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2023-2025
Table 84. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production by Region, 2020-2025 (Tons)
Table 85. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production by Region, 2026-2032 (Tons)
Table 86. 3D Print Fake Meat Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 87. 3D Print Fake Meat Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 88. 3D Print Fake Meat Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 89. 3D Print Fake Meat Raw Materials
Table 90. 3D Print Fake Meat Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 91. Typical 3D Print Fake Meat Downstream
Table 92. 3D Print Fake Meat Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 93. 3D Print Fake Meat Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. 3D Print Fake Meat Product Picture
Figure 2. 3D Print Fake Meat Segment by Type in 2024
Figure 3. 3D Print Fake Meat Segment by Application in 2024
Figure 4. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Overview: 2024
Figure 5. Key Caveats
Figure 6. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Market Size: 2024 VS 2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue: 2020-2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 8. 3D Print Fake Meat Sales in Global Market: 2020-2032 (Tons)
Figure 9. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue in 2024
Figure 10. Segment by Type � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Figure 11. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 12. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 13. Segment by Type - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Price (US$/Ton), 2020-2032
Figure 14. Segment by Application � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Figure 15. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 16. Segment by Application - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 17. Segment by Application -Global 3D Print Fake Meat Price (US$/Ton), 2020-2032
Figure 18. By Region � Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025 & 2032
Figure 19. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2032
Figure 20. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 21. By Region - Global 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 22. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 23. By Country - North America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 24. United States 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 25. Canada 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 26. Mexico 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 27. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 28. By Country - Europe 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 29. Germany 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 30. France 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 31. U.K. 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 32. Italy 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 33. Russia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 34. Nordic Countries 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 35. Benelux 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 36. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 37. By Region - Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 38. China 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 39. Japan 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 40. South Korea 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 41. Southeast Asia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 42. India 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 43. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 44. By Country - South America 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 45. Brazil 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 46. Argentina 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 48. By Country - Middle East & Africa 3D Print Fake Meat Sales, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 49. Turkey 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 50. Israel 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 51. Saudi Arabia 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 52. UAE 3D Print Fake Meat Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 53. Global 3D Print Fake Meat Production Capacity (Tons), 2020-2032
Figure 54. The Percentage of Production 3D Print Fake Meat by Region, 2024 VS 2032
Figure 55. 3D Print Fake Meat Industry Value Chain
Figure 56. Marketing Channels