Color Cigarette Paper and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Color Cigarette Paper Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Segment by Type
1.2.2 Segment by Application
1.3 Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Color Cigarette Paper Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size: 2024 VS 2032
2.2 Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2020-2032
2.3 Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales: 2020-2032
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Color Cigarette Paper Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Color Cigarette Paper Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Color Cigarette Paper Price by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Color Cigarette Paper Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2024
3.7 Global Manufacturers Color Cigarette Paper Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 Color Cigarette Paper Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Color Cigarette Paper Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Color Cigarette Paper Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size Markets, 2024 & 2032
4.1.2 Bright Color
4.1.3 Dark Color
4.2 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2025
4.2.2 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2026-2032
4.2.3 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
4.3 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2025
4.3.2 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2026-2032
4.3.3 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
4.4 Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2020-2032
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2024 & 2032
5.1.2 Vertical Cigarette Paper
5.1.3 Horizontal Cigarette Paper
5.2 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2025
5.2.2 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2026-2032
5.2.3 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
5.3 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2025
5.3.2 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2026-2032
5.3.3 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
5.4 Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2020-2032
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2024 & 2032
6.2 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2025
6.2.2 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2026-2032
6.2.3 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
6.3 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2025
6.3.2 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2026-2032
6.3.3 By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2032
6.4.2 By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2032
6.4.3 United States Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.4.4 Canada Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.4.5 Mexico Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2032
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2032
6.5.3 Germany Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.4 France Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.5 U.K. Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.6 Italy Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.7 Russia Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.5.9 Benelux Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2032
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2032
6.6.3 China Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.4 Japan Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.5 South Korea Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.6.7 India Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2032
6.7.2 By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2032
6.7.3 Brazil Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.7.4 Argentina Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, 2020-2032
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Sales, 2020-2032
6.8.3 Turkey Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.4 Israel Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
6.8.6 UAE Color Cigarette Paper Market Size, 2020-2032
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 SWM
7.1.1 SWM Company Summary
7.1.2 SWM Business Overview
7.1.3 SWM Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 SWM Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.1.5 SWM Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Delfort
7.2.1 Delfort Company Summary
7.2.2 Delfort Business Overview
7.2.3 Delfort Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Delfort Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.2.5 Delfort Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Hengfeng
7.3.1 Hengfeng Company Summary
7.3.2 Hengfeng Business Overview
7.3.3 Hengfeng Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Hengfeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.3.5 Hengfeng Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Hunan Xiangfeng
7.4.1 Hunan Xiangfeng Company Summary
7.4.2 Hunan Xiangfeng Business Overview
7.4.3 Hunan Xiangfeng Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Hunan Xiangfeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.4.5 Hunan Xiangfeng Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper
7.5.1 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Company Summary
7.5.2 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Business Overview
7.5.3 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.5.5 Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Hangzhou Huafeng
7.6.1 Hangzhou Huafeng Company Summary
7.6.2 Hangzhou Huafeng Business Overview
7.6.3 Hangzhou Huafeng Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Hangzhou Huafeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.6.5 Hangzhou Huafeng Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 CTM
7.7.1 CTM Company Summary
7.7.2 CTM Business Overview
7.7.3 CTM Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 CTM Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.7.5 CTM Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Jiaxing Min Feng
7.8.1 Jiaxing Min Feng Company Summary
7.8.2 Jiaxing Min Feng Business Overview
7.8.3 Jiaxing Min Feng Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Jiaxing Min Feng Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.8.5 Jiaxing Min Feng Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials
7.9.1 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Company Summary
7.9.2 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Business Overview
7.9.3 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Color Cigarette Paper Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Color Cigarette Paper Sales and Revenue in Global (2020-2025)
7.9.5 Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Color Cigarette Paper Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Color Cigarette Paper Production Capacity, 2020-2032
8.2 Color Cigarette Paper Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Color Cigarette Paper Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Color Cigarette Paper Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Color Cigarette Paper Industry Value Chain
10.2 Color Cigarette Paper Upstream Market
10.3 Color Cigarette Paper Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Color Cigarette Paper Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Color Cigarette Paper in Global Market
Table 2. Top Color Cigarette Paper Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2024)
Table 3. Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 4. Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Share by Companies, 2020-2025
Table 5. Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales by Companies, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 6. Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Share by Companies, 2020-2025
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Color Cigarette Paper Price (2020-2025) & (US$/MT)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Color Cigarette Paper Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Color Cigarette Paper Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2024 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Color Cigarette Paper Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2024 and Market Share
Table 11. Segment by Type � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Table 12. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 13. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 14. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), 2020-2025
Table 15. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), 2026-2032
Table 16. Segment by Application � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Table 17. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 18. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 19. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 20. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 21. By Region � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2032
Table 22. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 23. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 24. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 25. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 26. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 27. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 28. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 29. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 30. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 31. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 32. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 33. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 34. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 35. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 36. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 37. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 38. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 39. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 40. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 41. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2025
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2026-2032
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2020-2025
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Sales, (MT), 2026-2032
Table 46. SWM Company Summary
Table 47. SWM Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 48. SWM Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 49. SWM Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Delfort Company Summary
Table 51. Delfort Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 52. Delfort Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 53. Delfort Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Hengfeng Company Summary
Table 55. Hengfeng Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 56. Hengfeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 57. Hengfeng Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Hunan Xiangfeng Company Summary
Table 59. Hunan Xiangfeng Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 60. Hunan Xiangfeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 61. Hunan Xiangfeng Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Company Summary
Table 63. Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 64. Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 65. Hongta Blue Eagle Paper Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Hangzhou Huafeng Company Summary
Table 67. Hangzhou Huafeng Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 68. Hangzhou Huafeng Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 69. Hangzhou Huafeng Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. CTM Company Summary
Table 71. CTM Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 72. CTM Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 73. CTM Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Jiaxing Min Feng Company Summary
Table 75. Jiaxing Min Feng Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 76. Jiaxing Min Feng Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 77. Jiaxing Min Feng Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Company Summary
Table 79. Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Color Cigarette Paper Product Offerings
Table 80. Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Color Cigarette Paper Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/MT) & (2020-2025)
Table 81. Jiangsu Weixing New Materials Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. Color Cigarette Paper Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2023-2025 (MT)
Table 83. Global Color Cigarette Paper Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2023-2025
Table 84. Global Color Cigarette Paper Production by Region, 2020-2025 (MT)
Table 85. Global Color Cigarette Paper Production by Region, 2026-2032 (MT)
Table 86. Color Cigarette Paper Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 87. Color Cigarette Paper Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 88. Color Cigarette Paper Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 89. Color Cigarette Paper Raw Materials
Table 90. Color Cigarette Paper Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 91. Typical Color Cigarette Paper Downstream
Table 92. Color Cigarette Paper Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 93. Color Cigarette Paper Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Color Cigarette Paper Product Picture
Figure 2. Color Cigarette Paper Segment by Type in 2024
Figure 3. Color Cigarette Paper Segment by Application in 2024
Figure 4. Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Overview: 2024
Figure 5. Key Caveats
Figure 6. Global Color Cigarette Paper Market Size: 2024 VS 2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue: 2020-2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 8. Color Cigarette Paper Sales in Global Market: 2020-2032 (MT)
Figure 9. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Color Cigarette Paper Revenue in 2024
Figure 10. Segment by Type � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Figure 11. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 12. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 13. Segment by Type - Global Color Cigarette Paper Price (US$/MT), 2020-2032
Figure 14. Segment by Application � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024 & 2032
Figure 15. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 16. Segment by Application - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 17. Segment by Application -Global Color Cigarette Paper Price (US$/MT), 2020-2032
Figure 18. By Region � Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025 & 2032
Figure 19. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2032
Figure 20. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 21. By Region - Global Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 22. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 23. By Country - North America Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 24. United States Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 25. Canada Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 26. Mexico Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 28. By Country - Europe Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 29. Germany Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 30. France Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 31. U.K. Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 32. Italy Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 33. Russia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 34. Nordic Countries Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 35. Benelux Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 37. By Region - Asia Color Cigarette Paper Sales Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 38. China Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 39. Japan Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 40. South Korea Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 41. Southeast Asia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 42. India Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 43. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Revenue Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 44. By Country - South America Color Cigarette Paper Sales, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 45. Brazil Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 46. Argentina Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 48. By Country - Middle East & Africa Color Cigarette Paper Sales, Market Share, 2020-2032
Figure 49. Turkey Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 50. Israel Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 51. Saudi Arabia Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 52. UAE Color Cigarette Paper Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2020-2032
Figure 53. Global Color Cigarette Paper Production Capacity (MT), 2020-2032
Figure 54. The Percentage of Production Color Cigarette Paper by Region, 2024 VS 2032
Figure 55. Color Cigarette Paper Industry Value Chain
Figure 56. Marketing Channels