Beard Wash And Conditioner and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Beard Wash And Conditioner Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Beard Wash And Conditioner Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Beard Wash
4.1.3 Beard Conditioner
4.1.4 Beard Balm
4.1.5 Beard Oil
4.1.6 Other
4.2 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Online Shop
5.1.3 Supermarket
5.1.4 Other
5.2 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Honest Amish
7.1.1 Honest Amish Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Honest Amish Business Overview
7.1.3 Honest Amish Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Honest Amish Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Honest Amish Key News
7.2 Medicine Man
7.2.1 Medicine Man Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Medicine Man Business Overview
7.2.3 Medicine Man Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Medicine Man Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Medicine Man Key News
7.3 Wild Willies
7.3.1 Wild Willies Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Wild Willies Business Overview
7.3.3 Wild Willies Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Wild Willies Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Wild Willies Key News
7.4 Spartans Den
7.4.1 Spartans Den Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Spartans Den Business Overview
7.4.3 Spartans Den Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Spartans Den Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Spartans Den Key News
7.5 Mountaineer
7.5.1 Mountaineer Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Mountaineer Business Overview
7.5.3 Mountaineer Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Mountaineer Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Mountaineer Key News
7.6 ArtNaturals
7.6.1 ArtNaturals Corporate Summary
7.6.2 ArtNaturals Business Overview
7.6.3 ArtNaturals Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 ArtNaturals Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 ArtNaturals Key News
7.7 Grave Before Shave
7.7.1 Grave Before Shave Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Grave Before Shave Business Overview
7.7.3 Grave Before Shave Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Grave Before Shave Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Grave Before Shave Key News
7.8 Viking
7.8.1 Viking Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Viking Business Overview
7.8.3 Viking Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Viking Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Viking Key News
7.9 Acqua di Parma
7.9.1 Acqua di Parma Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Acqua di Parma Business Overview
7.9.3 Acqua di Parma Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Acqua di Parma Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 Acqua di Parma Key News
7.10 Bear Family
7.10.1 Bear Family Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Bear Family Business Overview
7.10.3 Bear Family Beard Wash And Conditioner Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Bear Family Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Bear Family Key News
8 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Beard Wash And Conditioner Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Beard Wash And Conditioner Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Beard Wash And Conditioner Industry Value Chain
10.2 Beard Wash And Conditioner Upstream Market
10.3 Beard Wash And Conditioner Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Beard Wash And Conditioner Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Beard Wash And Conditioner in Global Market
Table 2. Top Beard Wash And Conditioner Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Beard Wash And Conditioner Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Beard Wash And Conditioner Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Honest Amish Corporate Summary
Table 47. Honest Amish Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 48. Honest Amish Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Medicine Man Corporate Summary
Table 50. Medicine Man Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 51. Medicine Man Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Wild Willies Corporate Summary
Table 53. Wild Willies Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 54. Wild Willies Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Spartans Den Corporate Summary
Table 56. Spartans Den Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 57. Spartans Den Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Mountaineer Corporate Summary
Table 59. Mountaineer Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 60. Mountaineer Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. ArtNaturals Corporate Summary
Table 62. ArtNaturals Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 63. ArtNaturals Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Grave Before Shave Corporate Summary
Table 65. Grave Before Shave Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 66. Grave Before Shave Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Viking Corporate Summary
Table 68. Viking Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 69. Viking Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Acqua di Parma Corporate Summary
Table 71. Acqua di Parma Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 72. Acqua di Parma Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Bear Family Corporate Summary
Table 74. Bear Family Beard Wash And Conditioner Product Offerings
Table 75. Bear Family Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Beard Wash And Conditioner Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 77. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 78. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 79. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 80. Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 81. Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 82. Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 83. Beard Wash And Conditioner Raw Materials
Table 84. Beard Wash And Conditioner Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 85. Typical Beard Wash And Conditioner Downstream
Table 86. Beard Wash And Conditioner Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 87. Beard Wash And Conditioner Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Beard Wash And Conditioner Segment by Type
Figure 2. Beard Wash And Conditioner Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Beard Wash And Conditioner Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Beard Wash And Conditioner Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Beard Wash And Conditioner Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Beard Wash And Conditioner by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Beard Wash And Conditioner Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels