Anti-Mold Sticker and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Anti-Mold Sticker Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size: 2022 VS 2032
2.2 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2032
2.3 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales: 2018-2032
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Anti-Mold Sticker Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Anti-Mold Sticker Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Anti-Mold Sticker Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Anti-Mold Sticker Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Anti-Mold Sticker Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Anti-Mold Sticker Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Anti-Mold Sticker Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2032
4.1.2 Food Grade
4.1.3 Normal Type
4.2 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2024-2032
4.2.3 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
4.3 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2024-2032
4.3.3 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
4.4 By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2032
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2022 & 2032
5.1.2 Shoes
5.1.3 Toy
5.1.4 Leather
5.1.5 Textile
5.1.6 Garment
5.1.7 Food
5.1.8 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2024-2032
5.2.3 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
5.3 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2024-2032
5.3.3 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
5.4 By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2032
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2022 & 2032
6.2 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2024-2032
6.2.3 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
6.3 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2024-2032
6.3.3 By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032
6.4.2 By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2032
6.4.3 US Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.4.4 Canada Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.4.5 Mexico Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2032
6.5.3 Germany Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.4 France Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.5 U.K. Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.6 Italy Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.7 Russia Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.5.9 Benelux Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2032
6.6.3 China Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.6.4 Japan Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.6.5 South Korea Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.6.7 India Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032
6.7.2 By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2032
6.7.3 Brazil Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.7.4 Argentina Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, 2018-2032
6.8.3 Turkey Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.8.4 Israel Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
6.8.6 UAE Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size, 2018-2032
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 MICRO-PAK LTD
7.1.1 MICRO-PAK LTD Company Summary
7.1.2 MICRO-PAK LTD Business Overview
7.1.3 MICRO-PAK LTD Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 MICRO-PAK LTD Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 MICRO-PAK LTD Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 KOBAORI
7.2.1 KOBAORI Company Summary
7.2.2 KOBAORI Business Overview
7.2.3 KOBAORI Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 KOBAORI Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 KOBAORI Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Topone Anti-mold Technology
7.3.1 Topone Anti-mold Technology Company Summary
7.3.2 Topone Anti-mold Technology Business Overview
7.3.3 Topone Anti-mold Technology Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Topone Anti-mold Technology Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Topone Anti-mold Technology Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Romeway Industrial
7.4.1 Romeway Industrial Company Summary
7.4.2 Romeway Industrial Business Overview
7.4.3 Romeway Industrial Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Romeway Industrial Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Romeway Industrial Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Xiaosen
7.5.1 Xiaosen Company Summary
7.5.2 Xiaosen Business Overview
7.5.3 Xiaosen Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Xiaosen Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Xiaosen Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation
7.6.1 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Company Summary
7.6.2 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Business Overview
7.6.3 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Taiwan OK Bio-technology
7.7.1 Taiwan OK Bio-technology Company Summary
7.7.2 Taiwan OK Bio-technology Business Overview
7.7.3 Taiwan OK Bio-technology Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Taiwan OK Bio-technology Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Taiwan OK Bio-technology Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Taiwell
7.8.1 Taiwell Company Summary
7.8.2 Taiwell Business Overview
7.8.3 Taiwell Anti-Mold Sticker Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Taiwell Anti-Mold Sticker Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Taiwell Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production Capacity, 2018-2032
8.2 Anti-Mold Sticker Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Anti-Mold Sticker Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Anti-Mold Sticker Industry Value Chain
10.2 Anti-Mold Sticker Upstream Market
10.3 Anti-Mold Sticker Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Anti-Mold Sticker Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Anti-Mold Sticker in Global Market
Table 2. Top Anti-Mold Sticker Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales by Companies, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Anti-Mold Sticker Price (2018-2023) & (USD/Pcs)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Anti-Mold Sticker Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Anti-Mold Sticker Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Anti-Mold Sticker Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2032
Table 12. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 14. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 16. By Application ? Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2032
Table 17. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 19. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 21. By Region ? Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2032
Table 22. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 24. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 26. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 28. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 30. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 32. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 34. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 36. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 38. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 40. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2032
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Sales, (K Pcs), 2024-2032
Table 46. MICRO-PAK LTD Company Summary
Table 47. MICRO-PAK LTD Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 48. MICRO-PAK LTD Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 49. MICRO-PAK LTD Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. KOBAORI Company Summary
Table 51. KOBAORI Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 52. KOBAORI Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 53. KOBAORI Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Topone Anti-mold Technology Company Summary
Table 55. Topone Anti-mold Technology Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 56. Topone Anti-mold Technology Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 57. Topone Anti-mold Technology Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Romeway Industrial Company Summary
Table 59. Romeway Industrial Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 60. Romeway Industrial Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Romeway Industrial Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Xiaosen Company Summary
Table 63. Xiaosen Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 64. Xiaosen Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 65. Xiaosen Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Company Summary
Table 67. Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 68. Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 69. Guann-Haw Biotech Corperation Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Taiwan OK Bio-technology Company Summary
Table 71. Taiwan OK Bio-technology Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 72. Taiwan OK Bio-technology Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 73. Taiwan OK Bio-technology Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Taiwell Company Summary
Table 75. Taiwell Anti-Mold Sticker Product Offerings
Table 76. Taiwell Anti-Mold Sticker Sales (K Pcs), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Pcs) (2018-2023)
Table 77. Taiwell Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Anti-Mold Sticker Production Capacity (K Pcs) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (K Pcs)
Table 79. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 80. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production by Region, 2018-2023 (K Pcs)
Table 81. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production by Region, 2024-2032 (K Pcs)
Table 82. Anti-Mold Sticker Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 83. Anti-Mold Sticker Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 84. Anti-Mold Sticker Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 85. Anti-Mold Sticker Raw Materials
Table 86. Anti-Mold Sticker Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 87. Typical Anti-Mold Sticker Downstream
Table 88. Anti-Mold Sticker Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 89. Anti-Mold Sticker Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Anti-Mold Sticker Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Anti-Mold Sticker Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Market Size: 2022 VS 2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, 2018-2032 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Anti-Mold Sticker Sales in Global Market: 2018-2032 (K Pcs)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2032
Figure 10. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 11. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 12. By Type - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Price (USD/Pcs), 2018-2032
Figure 13. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2032
Figure 14. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 15. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 16. By Application - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Price (USD/Pcs), 2018-2032
Figure 17. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2032
Figure 18. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2032
Figure 19. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 20. By Region - Global Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 21. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 22. By Country - North America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 23. US Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 24. Canada Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 25. Mexico Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 26. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 28. Germany Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 29. France Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 30. U.K. Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 31. Italy Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 32. Russia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 33. Nordic Countries Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 34. Benelux Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 35. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 37. China Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 38. Japan Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 39. South Korea Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 40. Southeast Asia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 41. India Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 42. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 43. By Country - South America Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 44. Brazil Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 45. Argentina Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 46. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Anti-Mold Sticker Sales Market Share, 2018-2032
Figure 48. Turkey Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 49. Israel Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 50. Saudi Arabia Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 51. UAE Anti-Mold Sticker Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2032
Figure 52. Global Anti-Mold Sticker Production Capacity (K Pcs), 2018-2032
Figure 53. The Percentage of Production Anti-Mold Sticker by Region, 2022 VS 2032
Figure 54. Anti-Mold Sticker Industry Value Chain
Figure 55. Marketing Channels