Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market
Table of Contents
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Segment by Type
1.2.2 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.1.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.3 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.4 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Average Price by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.5 Manufacturers Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3.6 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.6.1 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Concentration Rate
3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Players Market Share by Revenue
3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Market Restraints
5.5 Industry News
5.5.1 New Product Developments
5.5.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.5.3 Expansions
5.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.6 Industry Policies
6 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.3 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.4 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Price by Type (2019-2024)
7 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Sales by Application (2019-2024)
7.3 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD) by Application (2019-2024)
7.4 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
8 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Segmentation by Region
8.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 North America
8.2.1 North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country
8.2.2 U.S.
8.2.3 Canada
8.2.4 Mexico
8.3 Europe
8.3.1 Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country
8.3.2 Germany
8.3.3 France
8.3.4 U.K.
8.3.5 Italy
8.3.6 Russia
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region
8.4.2 China
8.4.3 Japan
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 India
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.5 South America
8.5.1 South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Columbia
8.6 Middle East and Africa
8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region
8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
8.6.3 UAE
8.6.4 Egypt
8.6.5 Nigeria
8.6.6 South Africa
9 Key Companies Profile
9.1 LIBERTY TIRE
9.1.1 LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.1.2 LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.1.3 LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.1.4 LIBERTY TIRE Business Overview
9.1.5 LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
9.1.6 LIBERTY TIRE Recent Developments
9.2 CRM
9.2.1 CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.2.2 CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.2.3 CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.2.4 CRM Business Overview
9.2.5 CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
9.2.6 CRM Recent Developments
9.3 Emanuel Tire
9.3.1 Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.3.2 Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.3.3 Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.3.4 Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
9.3.5 Emanuel Tire Business Overview
9.3.6 Emanuel Tire Recent Developments
9.4 Tire Disposal and Recycling
9.4.1 Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.4.2 Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.4.3 Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.4.4 Tire Disposal and Recycling Business Overview
9.4.5 Tire Disposal and Recycling Recent Developments
9.5 Entech
9.5.1 Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.5.2 Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.5.3 Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.5.4 Entech Business Overview
9.5.5 Entech Recent Developments
9.6 Manhantango Enterprises
9.6.1 Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.6.2 Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.6.3 Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.6.4 Manhantango Enterprises Business Overview
9.6.5 Manhantango Enterprises Recent Developments
9.7 reRubber
9.7.1 reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
9.7.2 reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
9.7.3 reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Market Performance
9.7.4 reRubber Business Overview
9.7.5 reRubber Recent Developments
10 Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Forecast by Region
10.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast
10.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Forecast by Region
10.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.2 Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.3 Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Region
10.2.4 South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Country
11 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2025-2030)
11.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type (2025-2030)
11.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
11.2.1 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) Forecast by Application
11.2.2 Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
12 Conclusion and Key Findings
List of Tables
Table 1. Introduction of the Type
Table 2. Introduction of the Application
Table 3. Market Size (M USD) Segment Executive Summary
Table 4. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Comparison by Region (M USD)
Table 5. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 6. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 7. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 8. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber as of 2022)
Table 10. Global Market Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Average Price (USD/Ton) of Key Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 11. Manufacturers Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Type
Table 13. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Industry Chain Map of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber
Table 16. Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
Table 17. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 18. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 19. Key Development Trends
Table 20. Driving Factors
Table 21. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Challenges
Table 22. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Type (Kilotons)
Table 23. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 24. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 25. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 26. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 27. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 28. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Price (USD/Ton) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 29. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) by Application
Table 30. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size by Application
Table 31. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 32. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 33. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (M USD)
Table 34. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 35. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Table 36. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 37. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 38. North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 39. Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 41. South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 42. Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Table 43. LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 44. LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 45. LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 46. LIBERTY TIRE Business Overview
Table 47. LIBERTY TIRE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
Table 48. LIBERTY TIRE Recent Developments
Table 49. CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 50. CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 51. CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 52. CRM Business Overview
Table 53. CRM Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
Table 54. CRM Recent Developments
Table 55. Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 56. Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 57. Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 58. Emanuel Tire Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber SWOT Analysis
Table 59. Emanuel Tire Business Overview
Table 60. Emanuel Tire Recent Developments
Table 61. Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 62. Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 63. Tire Disposal and Recycling Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 64. Tire Disposal and Recycling Business Overview
Table 65. Tire Disposal and Recycling Recent Developments
Table 66. Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 67. Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 68. Entech Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 69. Entech Business Overview
Table 70. Entech Recent Developments
Table 71. Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 72. Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 73. Manhantango Enterprises Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 74. Manhantango Enterprises Business Overview
Table 75. Manhantango Enterprises Recent Developments
Table 76. reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Basic Information
Table 77. reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Product Overview
Table 78. reRubber Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Ton) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 79. reRubber Business Overview
Table 80. reRubber Recent Developments
Table 81. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 82. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 83. North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 84. North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 85. Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 86. Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 87. Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 88. Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 89. South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 90. South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 91. Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Consumption Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 92. Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 93. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (Kilotons)
Table 94. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 95. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Ton)
Table 96. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Table 97. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber
Figure 2. Data Triangulation
Figure 3. Key Caveats
Figure 4. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD), 2019-2030
Figure 5. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size (M USD) (2019-2030)
Figure 6. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) & (2019-2030)
Figure 7. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 8. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 9. Evaluation Matrix of Regional Market Development Potential
Figure 10. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size by Country (M USD)
Figure 11. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 12. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 13. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2023
Figure 14. Global Market Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Average Price (USD/Ton) of Key Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Revenue in 2023
Figure 16. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 17. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Type
Figure 18. Sales Market Share of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 19. Sales Market Share of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type in 2023
Figure 20. Market Size Share of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 21. Market Size Market Share of Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber by Type in 2023
Figure 22. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 23. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Application
Figure 24. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 25. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 26. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 27. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 28. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 29. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Figure 30. North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 31. North America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 32. U.S. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 33. Canada Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Kilotons) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 34. Mexico Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 35. Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 36. Europe Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 37. Germany Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 38. France Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 39. U.K. Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 40. Italy Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 41. Russia Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 44. China Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 45. Japan Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 46. South Korea Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 47. India Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 49. South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 50. South America Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 51. Brazil Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 52. Argentina Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 53. Columbia Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 54. Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (Kilotons)
Figure 55. Middle East and Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 56. Saudi Arabia Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 57. UAE Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 58. Egypt Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 59. Nigeria Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 60. South Africa Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (Kilotons)
Figure 61. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Volume (2019-2030) & (Kilotons)
Figure 62. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Size Forecast by Value (2019-2030) & (M USD)
Figure 63. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 64. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 65. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Sales Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Figure 66. Global Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2030)