Nanocomposite Film and Forecast Market
Table of Contents
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Nanocomposite Film
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Nanocomposite Film Segment by Type
1.2.2 Nanocomposite Film Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Nanocomposite Film Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2032)
2.1.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2032)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Nanocomposite Film Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
3.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
3.3 Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.4 Global Nanocomposite Film Average Price by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
3.5 Manufacturers Nanocomposite Film Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3.6 Nanocomposite Film Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.6.1 Nanocomposite Film Market Concentration Rate
3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Nanocomposite Film Players Market Share by Revenue
3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Nanocomposite Film Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Nanocomposite Film Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Nanocomposite Film Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Market Restraints
5.5 Industry News
5.5.1 New Product Developments
5.5.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.5.3 Expansions
5.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.6 Industry Policies
6 Nanocomposite Film Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2025)
6.3 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2025)
6.4 Global Nanocomposite Film Price by Type (2019-2025)
7 Nanocomposite Film Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Sales by Application (2019-2025)
7.3 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD) by Application (2019-2025)
7.4 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2025)
8 Nanocomposite Film Market Consumption by Region
8.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 North America
8.2.1 North America Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country
8.2.2 U.S.
8.2.3 Canada
8.2.4 Mexico
8.3 Europe
8.3.1 Europe Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country
8.3.2 Germany
8.3.3 France
8.3.4 U.K.
8.3.5 Italy
8.3.6 Russia
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region
8.4.2 China
8.4.3 Japan
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 India
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.5 South America
8.5.1 South America Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Columbia
8.6 Middle East and Africa
8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region
8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
8.6.3 UAE
8.6.4 Egypt
8.6.5 Nigeria
8.6.6 South Africa
9 Nanocomposite Film Market Production by Region
9.1 Global Production of Nanocomposite Film by Region (2019-2025)
9.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2025)
9.3 Global Nanocomposite Film Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
9.4 North America Nanocomposite Film Production
9.4.1 North America Nanocomposite Film Production Growth Rate (2019-2025)
9.4.2 North America Nanocomposite Film Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
9.5 Europe Nanocomposite Film Production
9.5.1 Europe Nanocomposite Film Production Growth Rate (2019-2025)
9.5.2 Europe Nanocomposite Film Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
9.6 Japan Nanocomposite Film Production (2019-2025)
9.6.1 Japan Nanocomposite Film Production Growth Rate (2019-2025)
9.6.2 Japan Nanocomposite Film Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
9.7 China Nanocomposite Film Production (2019-2025)
9.7.1 China Nanocomposite Film Production Growth Rate (2019-2025)
9.7.2 China Nanocomposite Film Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
10 Key Companies Profile
10.1 Arkema SA
10.1.1 Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.1.2 Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.1.3 Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.1.4 Arkema SA Business Overview
10.1.5 Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
10.1.6 Arkema SA Recent Developments
10.2 BASF
10.2.1 BASF Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.2.2 BASF Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.2.3 BASF Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.2.4 BASF Business Overview
10.2.5 BASF Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
10.2.6 BASF Recent Developments
10.3 Cabot Corporation
10.3.1 Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.3.2 Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.3.3 Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.3.4 Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
10.3.5 Cabot Corporation Business Overview
10.3.6 Cabot Corporation Recent Developments
10.4 Elementis Specialties
10.4.1 Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.4.2 Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.4.3 Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.4.4 Elementis Specialties Business Overview
10.4.5 Elementis Specialties Recent Developments
10.5 Inframat Corporation
10.5.1 Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.5.2 Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.5.3 Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.5.4 Inframat Corporation Business Overview
10.5.5 Inframat Corporation Recent Developments
10.6 DuPont
10.6.1 DuPont Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.6.2 DuPont Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.6.3 DuPont Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.6.4 DuPont Business Overview
10.6.5 DuPont Recent Developments
10.7 Foster Corporation
10.7.1 Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.7.2 Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.7.3 Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.7.4 Foster Corporation Business Overview
10.7.5 Foster Corporation Recent Developments
10.8 Nanocor Incorporated
10.8.1 Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
10.8.2 Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
10.8.3 Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Product Market Performance
10.8.4 Nanocor Incorporated Business Overview
10.8.5 Nanocor Incorporated Recent Developments
11 Nanocomposite Film Market Forecast by Region
11.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast
11.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Forecast by Region
11.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.2 Europe Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.3 Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Region
11.2.4 South America Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Nanocomposite Film by Country
12 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2025-2032)
12.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Forecast by Type (2025-2032)
12.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Nanocomposite Film by Type (2025-2032)
12.1.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2032)
12.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Nanocomposite Film by Type (2025-2032)
12.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Forecast by Application (2025-2032)
12.2.1 Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) Forecast by Application
12.2.2 Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2025-2032)
13 Conclusion and Key Findings
List of Tables
Table 1. Introduction of the Type
Table 2. Introduction of the Application
Table 3. Market Size (M USD) Segment Executive Summary
Table 4. Nanocomposite Film Market Size Comparison by Region (M USD)
Table 5. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
Table 6. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
Table 7. Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
Table 8. Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2025)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Nanocomposite Film as of 2022)
Table 10. Global Market Nanocomposite Film Average Price (USD/MT) of Key Manufacturers (2019-2025)
Table 11. Manufacturers Nanocomposite Film Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Nanocomposite Film Product Type
Table 13. Global Nanocomposite Film Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Industry Chain Map of Nanocomposite Film
Table 16. Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
Table 17. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 18. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 19. Key Development Trends
Table 20. Driving Factors
Table 21. Nanocomposite Film Market Challenges
Table 22. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Type (K MT)
Table 23. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 24. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) by Type (2019-2025)
Table 25. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2025)
Table 26. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD) by Type (2019-2025)
Table 27. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Share by Type (2019-2025)
Table 28. Global Nanocomposite Film Price (USD/MT) by Type (2019-2025)
Table 29. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) by Application
Table 30. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size by Application
Table 31. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Application (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 32. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2025)
Table 33. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Application (2019-2025) & (M USD)
Table 34. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Application (2019-2025)
Table 35. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2025)
Table 36. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 37. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2025)
Table 38. North America Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 39. Europe Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 41. South America Nanocomposite Film Sales by Country (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 42. Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Sales by Region (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Table 43. Global Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT) by Region (2019-2025)
Table 44. Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue (US$ Million) by Region (2019-2025)
Table 45. Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2025)
Table 46. Global Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 47. North America Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 48. Europe Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 49. Japan Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 50. China Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 51. Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 52. Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 53. Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 54. Arkema SA Business Overview
Table 55. Arkema SA Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
Table 56. Arkema SA Recent Developments
Table 57. BASF Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 58. BASF Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 59. BASF Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 60. BASF Business Overview
Table 61. BASF Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
Table 62. BASF Recent Developments
Table 63. Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 64. Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 65. Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 66. Cabot Corporation Nanocomposite Film SWOT Analysis
Table 67. Cabot Corporation Business Overview
Table 68. Cabot Corporation Recent Developments
Table 69. Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 70. Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 71. Elementis Specialties Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 72. Elementis Specialties Business Overview
Table 73. Elementis Specialties Recent Developments
Table 74. Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 75. Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 76. Inframat Corporation Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 77. Inframat Corporation Business Overview
Table 78. Inframat Corporation Recent Developments
Table 79. DuPont Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 80. DuPont Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 81. DuPont Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 82. DuPont Business Overview
Table 83. DuPont Recent Developments
Table 84. Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 85. Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 86. Foster Corporation Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 87. Foster Corporation Business Overview
Table 88. Foster Corporation Recent Developments
Table 89. Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Basic Information
Table 90. Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Product Overview
Table 91. Nanocor Incorporated Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2019-2025)
Table 92. Nanocor Incorporated Business Overview
Table 93. Nanocor Incorporated Recent Developments
Table 94. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 95. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 96. North America Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 97. North America Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 98. Europe Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 99. Europe Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 100. Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 101. Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 102. South America Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 103. South America Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 104. Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Consumption Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (Units)
Table 105. Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 106. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Type (2025-2032) & (K MT)
Table 107. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2032) & (M USD)
Table 108. Global Nanocomposite Film Price Forecast by Type (2025-2032) & (USD/MT)
Table 109. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) Forecast by Application (2025-2032)
Table 110. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Application (2025-2032) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Nanocomposite Film
Figure 2. Data Triangulation
Figure 3. Key Caveats
Figure 4. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD), 2019-2032
Figure 5. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size (M USD) (2019-2032)
Figure 6. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) & (2019-2032)
Figure 7. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 8. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 9. Evaluation Matrix of Regional Market Development Potential
Figure 10. Nanocomposite Film Market Size by Country (M USD)
Figure 11. Nanocomposite Film Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 12. Global Nanocomposite Film Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 13. Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2023
Figure 14. Global Market Nanocomposite Film Average Price (USD/MT) of Key Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Nanocomposite Film Revenue in 2023
Figure 16. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 17. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Type
Figure 18. Sales Market Share of Nanocomposite Film by Type (2019-2025)
Figure 19. Sales Market Share of Nanocomposite Film by Type in 2023
Figure 20. Market Size Share of Nanocomposite Film by Type (2019-2025)
Figure 21. Market Size Market Share of Nanocomposite Film by Type in 2023
Figure 22. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 23. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Application
Figure 24. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2025)
Figure 25. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 26. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Application (2019-2025)
Figure 27. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 28. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2025)
Figure 29. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2025)
Figure 30. North America Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 31. North America Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 32. U.S. Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 33. Canada Nanocomposite Film Sales (K MT) and Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 34. Mexico Nanocomposite Film Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 35. Europe Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 36. Europe Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 37. Germany Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 38. France Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 39. U.K. Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 40. Italy Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 41. Russia Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (K MT)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 44. China Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 45. Japan Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 46. South Korea Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 47. India Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 49. South America Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (K MT)
Figure 50. South America Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 51. Brazil Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 52. Argentina Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 53. Columbia Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 54. Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (K MT)
Figure 55. Middle East and Africa Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 56. Saudi Arabia Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 57. UAE Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 58. Egypt Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 59. Nigeria Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 60. South Africa Nanocomposite Film Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2025) & (K MT)
Figure 61. Global Nanocomposite Film Production Market Share by Region (2019-2025)
Figure 62. North America Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 63. Europe Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 64. Japan Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 65. China Nanocomposite Film Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2019-2025)
Figure 66. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Volume (2019-2032) & (K MT)
Figure 67. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Size Forecast by Value (2019-2032) & (M USD)
Figure 68. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2032)
Figure 69. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2032)
Figure 70. Global Nanocomposite Film Sales Forecast by Application (2025-2032)
Figure 71. Global Nanocomposite Film Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2032)
Industry Market Size
