Bicycle Headbar and Forecast Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Bicycle Headbar Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Bicycle Headbar Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Bicycle Headbar Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Bicycle Headbar Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Bicycle Headbar Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Bicycle Headbar Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Bicycle Headbar Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Bicycle Headbar Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Bicycle Headbar Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Bicycle Headbar Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Bicycle Headbar Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Bicycle Headbar Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Bicycle Headbar Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Bicycle Headbar Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Flat Handlebars
4.1.3 Aero Headlebars
4.1.4 Drop Headlebars
4.1.5 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Road Bike
5.1.3 Mountain Bike
5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Bicycle Headbar Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Shimano
7.1.1 Shimano Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Shimano Business Overview
7.1.3 Shimano Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Shimano Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Shimano Key News
7.2 SRAM
7.2.1 SRAM Corporate Summary
7.2.2 SRAM Business Overview
7.2.3 SRAM Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 SRAM Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 SRAM Key News
7.3 DT SWISS
7.3.1 DT SWISS Corporate Summary
7.3.2 DT SWISS Business Overview
7.3.3 DT SWISS Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 DT SWISS Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 DT SWISS Key News
7.4 Campagnolo
7.4.1 Campagnolo Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Campagnolo Business Overview
7.4.3 Campagnolo Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Campagnolo Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Campagnolo Key News
7.5 B?CHEL Group
7.5.1 B?CHEL Group Corporate Summary
7.5.2 B?CHEL Group Business Overview
7.5.3 B?CHEL Group Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 B?CHEL Group Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 B?CHEL Group Key News
7.6 Fox Factory
7.6.1 Fox Factory Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Fox Factory Business Overview
7.6.3 Fox Factory Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Fox Factory Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Fox Factory Key News
7.7 HL Corp
7.7.1 HL Corp Corporate Summary
7.7.2 HL Corp Business Overview
7.7.3 HL Corp Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 HL Corp Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 HL Corp Key News
7.8 Magura
7.8.1 Magura Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Magura Business Overview
7.8.3 Magura Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Magura Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Magura Key News
7.9 URSUS
7.9.1 URSUS Corporate Summary
7.9.2 URSUS Business Overview
7.9.3 URSUS Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 URSUS Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 URSUS Key News
7.10 A-PRO TECH
7.10.1 A-PRO TECH Corporate Summary
7.10.2 A-PRO TECH Business Overview
7.10.3 A-PRO TECH Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 A-PRO TECH Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 A-PRO TECH Key News
7.11 Cane Creek
7.11.1 Cane Creek Corporate Summary
7.11.2 Cane Creek Bicycle Headbar Business Overview
7.11.3 Cane Creek Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Cane Creek Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.11.5 Cane Creek Key News
7.12 Easton Cycling
7.12.1 Easton Cycling Corporate Summary
7.12.2 Easton Cycling Bicycle Headbar Business Overview
7.12.3 Easton Cycling Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Easton Cycling Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.12.5 Easton Cycling Key News
7.13 Hope Technology
7.13.1 Hope Technology Corporate Summary
7.13.2 Hope Technology Bicycle Headbar Business Overview
7.13.3 Hope Technology Bicycle Headbar Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Hope Technology Bicycle Headbar Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.13.5 Hope Technology Key News
8 Global Bicycle Headbar Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Bicycle Headbar Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Bicycle Headbar Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Bicycle Headbar Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Bicycle Headbar Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Bicycle Headbar Industry Value Chain
10.2 Bicycle Headbar Upstream Market
10.3 Bicycle Headbar Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Bicycle Headbar Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Bicycle Headbar in Global Market
Table 2. Top Bicycle Headbar Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Bicycle Headbar Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Bicycle Headbar Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Bicycle Headbar Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Bicycle Headbar Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Bicycle Headbar Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Shimano Corporate Summary
Table 47. Shimano Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 48. Shimano Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. SRAM Corporate Summary
Table 50. SRAM Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 51. SRAM Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. DT SWISS Corporate Summary
Table 53. DT SWISS Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 54. DT SWISS Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Campagnolo Corporate Summary
Table 56. Campagnolo Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 57. Campagnolo Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. B?CHEL Group Corporate Summary
Table 59. B?CHEL Group Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 60. B?CHEL Group Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Fox Factory Corporate Summary
Table 62. Fox Factory Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 63. Fox Factory Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. HL Corp Corporate Summary
Table 65. HL Corp Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 66. HL Corp Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Magura Corporate Summary
Table 68. Magura Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 69. Magura Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. URSUS Corporate Summary
Table 71. URSUS Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 72. URSUS Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. A-PRO TECH Corporate Summary
Table 74. A-PRO TECH Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 75. A-PRO TECH Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Cane Creek Corporate Summary
Table 77. Cane Creek Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 78. Cane Creek Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 79. Easton Cycling Corporate Summary
Table 80. Easton Cycling Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 81. Easton Cycling Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 82. Hope Technology Corporate Summary
Table 83. Hope Technology Bicycle Headbar Product Offerings
Table 84. Hope Technology Bicycle Headbar Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 85. Bicycle Headbar Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 86. Global Bicycle Headbar Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 87. Global Bicycle Headbar Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 88. Global Bicycle Headbar Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 89. Bicycle Headbar Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 90. Bicycle Headbar Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 91. Bicycle Headbar Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 92. Bicycle Headbar Raw Materials
Table 93. Bicycle Headbar Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 94. Typical Bicycle Headbar Downstream
Table 95. Bicycle Headbar Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 96. Bicycle Headbar Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Bicycle Headbar Segment by Type
Figure 2. Bicycle Headbar Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Bicycle Headbar Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Bicycle Headbar Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Bicycle Headbar Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Bicycle Headbar Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Bicycle Headbar Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Bicycle Headbar Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Bicycle Headbar Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Bicycle Headbar Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Bicycle Headbar Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Bicycle Headbar by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Bicycle Headbar Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels