Articulated Hauler Market
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Articulated Hauler Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Articulated Hauler Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Articulated Hauler Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Articulated Hauler Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Articulated Hauler Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Articulated Hauler Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Articulated Hauler Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Articulated Hauler Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Articulated Hauler Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Articulated Hauler Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Articulated Hauler Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Articulated Hauler Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Articulated Hauler Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Articulated Hauler Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Articulated Hauler Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Less Than 30T
4.1.3 30T-40T
4.1.4 More Than 40T
4.2 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Oil & Gas
5.1.3 Mining
5.1.4 Construction
5.1.5 Forest & Agriculture
5.1.6 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Articulated Hauler Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Caterpillar
7.1.1 Caterpillar Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Caterpillar Business Overview
7.1.3 Caterpillar Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Caterpillar Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Caterpillar Key News
7.2 John Deere
7.2.1 John Deere Corporate Summary
7.2.2 John Deere Business Overview
7.2.3 John Deere Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 John Deere Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 John Deere Key News
7.3 Komatsu
7.3.1 Komatsu Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Komatsu Business Overview
7.3.3 Komatsu Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Komatsu Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Komatsu Key News
7.4 CNH Industrial
7.4.1 CNH Industrial Corporate Summary
7.4.2 CNH Industrial Business Overview
7.4.3 CNH Industrial Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 CNH Industrial Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 CNH Industrial Key News
7.5 Hitachi
7.5.1 Hitachi Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Hitachi Business Overview
7.5.3 Hitachi Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Hitachi Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Hitachi Key News
7.6 Volvo
7.6.1 Volvo Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Volvo Business Overview
7.6.3 Volvo Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Volvo Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Volvo Key News
7.7 Terex
7.7.1 Terex Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Terex Business Overview
7.7.3 Terex Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Terex Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Terex Key News
7.8 Liebherr Group
7.8.1 Liebherr Group Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Liebherr Group Business Overview
7.8.3 Liebherr Group Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Liebherr Group Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Liebherr Group Key News
7.9 Doosan
7.9.1 Doosan Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Doosan Business Overview
7.9.3 Doosan Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Doosan Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 Doosan Key News
7.10 Atlas Copco
7.10.1 Atlas Copco Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Atlas Copco Business Overview
7.10.3 Atlas Copco Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Atlas Copco Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Atlas Copco Key News
7.11 XCMG Group
7.11.1 XCMG Group Corporate Summary
7.11.2 XCMG Group Articulated Hauler Business Overview
7.11.3 XCMG Group Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 XCMG Group Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.11.5 XCMG Group Key News
7.12 Sandvik
7.12.1 Sandvik Corporate Summary
7.12.2 Sandvik Articulated Hauler Business Overview
7.12.3 Sandvik Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Sandvik Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.12.5 Sandvik Key News
7.13 Bell Trucks America
7.13.1 Bell Trucks America Corporate Summary
7.13.2 Bell Trucks America Articulated Hauler Business Overview
7.13.3 Bell Trucks America Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Bell Trucks America Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.13.5 Bell Trucks America Key News
7.14 Dezzi Equipment
7.14.1 Dezzi Equipment Corporate Summary
7.14.2 Dezzi Equipment Business Overview
7.14.3 Dezzi Equipment Articulated Hauler Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 Dezzi Equipment Articulated Hauler Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.14.5 Dezzi Equipment Key News
8 Global Articulated Hauler Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Articulated Hauler Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Articulated Hauler Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Articulated Hauler Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Articulated Hauler Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Articulated Hauler Industry Value Chain
10.2 Articulated Hauler Upstream Market
10.3 Articulated Hauler Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Articulated Hauler Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Articulated Hauler in Global Market
Table 2. Top Articulated Hauler Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Articulated Hauler Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Articulated Hauler Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Articulated Hauler Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Articulated Hauler Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Articulated Hauler Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Articulated Hauler Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Articulated Hauler Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Caterpillar Corporate Summary
Table 47. Caterpillar Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 48. Caterpillar Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. John Deere Corporate Summary
Table 50. John Deere Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 51. John Deere Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Komatsu Corporate Summary
Table 53. Komatsu Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 54. Komatsu Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. CNH Industrial Corporate Summary
Table 56. CNH Industrial Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 57. CNH Industrial Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Hitachi Corporate Summary
Table 59. Hitachi Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 60. Hitachi Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Volvo Corporate Summary
Table 62. Volvo Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 63. Volvo Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Terex Corporate Summary
Table 65. Terex Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 66. Terex Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Liebherr Group Corporate Summary
Table 68. Liebherr Group Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 69. Liebherr Group Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Doosan Corporate Summary
Table 71. Doosan Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 72. Doosan Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Atlas Copco Corporate Summary
Table 74. Atlas Copco Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 75. Atlas Copco Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. XCMG Group Corporate Summary
Table 77. XCMG Group Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 78. XCMG Group Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 79. Sandvik Corporate Summary
Table 80. Sandvik Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 81. Sandvik Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 82. Bell Trucks America Corporate Summary
Table 83. Bell Trucks America Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 84. Bell Trucks America Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 85. Dezzi Equipment Corporate Summary
Table 86. Dezzi Equipment Articulated Hauler Product Offerings
Table 87. Dezzi Equipment Articulated Hauler Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 88. Articulated Hauler Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 89. Global Articulated Hauler Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 90. Global Articulated Hauler Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 91. Global Articulated Hauler Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 92. Articulated Hauler Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 93. Articulated Hauler Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 94. Articulated Hauler Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 95. Articulated Hauler Raw Materials
Table 96. Articulated Hauler Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 97. Typical Articulated Hauler Downstream
Table 98. Articulated Hauler Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 99. Articulated Hauler Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Articulated Hauler Segment by Type
Figure 2. Articulated Hauler Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Articulated Hauler Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Articulated Hauler Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Articulated Hauler Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Articulated Hauler Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Articulated Hauler Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Articulated Hauler Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Articulated Hauler Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Articulated Hauler Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Articulated Hauler Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Articulated Hauler Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Articulated Hauler by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Articulated Hauler Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels